In this review article, Dr. Snodgrass evaluates the available literature about long-term outcomes of hypospadias repair. Unfortunately, most of the articles available at that time involved older techniques. Techniques such as flap-based hypospadias repairs are known to have very high complication rates, especially for proximal hypospadias. He concluded that additional studies are needed on patients who have had modern hypospadias repair techniques.
Long-term outcome following hypospadias repair.