Before we started using an instrument, called a goniometer, to measure curvature, we performed TIP repair in many boys with proximal hypospadias. We now know that curvature is very common in proximal hypospadias, and that TIP repair should NOT be used when there is curvature more than 30 degrees as measured by the goniometer during various steps in the surgery. Using TIP repair for proximal hypospadias when curvature is present after releasing skin attachments results in higher complication rates, and we do not recommend it.
Tubularized incised-plate urethroplasty for proximal hypospadias.